What condition is characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle?

The condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle is angina pectoris. This condition is often described as chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen-rich blood. It typically happens during physical exertion or stress when the heart demands more oxygen, but the coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked, limiting blood flow. Angina pectoris serves as a warning sign that there may be underlying coronary artery disease and can indicate an increased risk of heart attack if not managed properly.

In contrast, myocardial infarction refers to a heart attack, where there is permanent damage to the heart muscle due to prolonged lack of blood flow, resulting from a complete blockage of a coronary artery. Peripheral artery disease involves reduced blood flow to the limbs, not the heart muscle specifically. A cerebrovascular accident, commonly known as a stroke, pertains to reduced blood flow to the brain. Therefore, angina pectoris is the most accurate choice reflecting the specific condition of reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.