What does the Cortex of the adrenal gland regulate?

The cortex of the adrenal gland is involved in the regulation of important physiological processes, notably electrolytes and carbohydrate metabolism. It produces vital hormones such as cortisol, which plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism and helps in the regulation of blood sugar levels. Additionally, the adrenal cortex is responsible for producing aldosterone, which is essential for regulating sodium and potassium levels in the body, affecting fluid balance and blood pressure.

While the adrenal gland as a whole is involved in the stress response—mainly through the function of the adrenal medulla and the secretion of epinephrine—the adrenal cortex specifically focuses on these metabolic and electrolyte functions. Hence, the answer accurately reflects the primary roles of the adrenal cortex within the endocrine system.