What is the primary function of the Islets of Langerhans?

The primary function of the Islets of Langerhans, which are clusters of cells located in the pancreas, is to secrete insulin and glucagon, both of which are crucial in regulating blood glucose levels. Insulin lowers blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues and promoting the storage of glucose as glycogen in the liver. On the other hand, glucagon increases blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen back into glucose when blood sugar levels are low. This dynamic balance between insulin and glucagon is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body's metabolism, particularly concerning how it handles energy production and storage.

In contrast, regulating blood pressure, producing bile, and controlling electrolyte levels are functions associated with different organs and systems in the body, and they do not pertain to the function of the Islets of Langerhans. Blood pressure is primarily regulated by the cardiovascular system, bile is produced by the liver to aid in digestion, and electrolyte levels are regulated by the kidneys and other hormonal systems.